Modelos computacionais baseados em agentes aplicados à migração interna

Abstract

In this work we studied the rural-urban migration problem based on the Harris- Todaro work, which is considered as the starting point of the classic theory about this subject. Since this is an interdisciplinary work, in the beginning we present some basic concepts about complexity and statistical mechanics that will be used throughout this thesis. Next, we test the Harris-Todaro model by means of agentbased computational simulations in which the effect due the social neighborhood are taken into account in an Ising like model. Implementations of this model were done by using lattices from two to seven dimensions. Afterwards, we present the Harris-Todaro model with specific functional forms (Cobb-Douglas technology and constant elasticity of the trade terms). Finally, we also studied the Harris-Todaro model implementing it by means of an agent-based simulation to test the crucial assumption taken by Harris and Todaro as an emergent property of the interaction among adaptative agents.