AMPLIAÇÃO DO ACESSO AO ENSINO SUPERIOR NO GOVERNO LULA : TENUIDADE ENTRE A DEMOCRATIZAÇÃO E A PRIVATIZAÇÃO
Democratização do ensino
Financiamento da educação
Programa Universidade para Todos
Ensino superior
Brasil
Democratization
Higher education
University reform
CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::SERVICO SOCIAL
Abstract
The main discussion of this dissertation focuses on the policy for expanding access to higher
education developed in two presidential administrations of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. The
mission of democratizing higher education nationwide was taken by the current
administration of the federal government even before Lula occupy the presidency, and it has
put in a position beyond a campaign promise, but as a commitment to the Brazilian
population. The federal government took upon itself the responsibility to address some points
entered in the National Education Plan (NAP), in force since 2001 that were vetoed or poorly
developed in the administration of Fernando Henrique Cardoso. In particular, by our desire to
study, are: (1) reaches the percentage of thirty percent of the Brazilian population among
eighteen and twenty-four years in higher education and (2) promote the expansion of public
higher education until it reaches forty percent of total vacancies in the Brazilian higher
education. Besides these goals, the Lula government linked its policy of democratization to a
major axis of social justice. The justification for this was sustained on the fact that the
Brazilian higher education is a reflection of the framework of social inequality in the country
in which historically the lower classes are excluded or occupy an insignificant area in higher
education. Facing this scenario, we start with the understanding that the access policy is part
of a larger set of measures that, combined, form the higher education reform in Brazil,
popularly known as university reform. Thus, our approach is not restricted to ad hoc
measures, undertaken in the Lula government, that aims more directly interfere in the
expansion of higher education nationwide. There were several actions that the federal
government has developed to this effect, including most importantly the Open University of
Brazil (UAB), University for All Program (ProUni), the Support Program for the
Restructuring and Expansion of Federal Universities (REUNI), among many others. With
this, we plotted as a central goal analyze this policy of democratizing access to higher
education as a whole through the context of the current university reform. As a theoretical
method, we opted for dialectical materialism, because there is no intention to review the
documents themselves, but to understand them in the political-economic and socio-cultural
reality of the Brazilian forward to the current phase of capitalist mode of production. As a
source of data, together with documents relating to the university reform, we sought support
in speeches of some individuals involved in social reform, in texts and documents produced
and issued by the Government, and statistical sources from official agencies. Besides the
introduction, the work was composed of three chapters. At first, we attempted to reasoning
about the university policy developed before the Lula government, with highlights to the role
of multilateral organizations and the conduct that the Cardoso government gave it. In the
second, we attempted to contextualize the university reform. In the third, it has set up an
analytical dialogue on the political processes inherent in the policy of expanding access
promoted by President Lula. At last, it was found that the federal government failed in the
face of commitments made to the policy of democratization of higher education, as well as
deepen their degree of privatization, both for the benefits granted to private institutions of
higher learning as the domestic privatization of public universities.
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Document type
DissertaçãoFormat
application/pdf
Subject(s)
Reforma universitáriaDemocratização do ensino
Financiamento da educação
Programa Universidade para Todos
Ensino superior
Brasil
Democratization
Higher education
University reform
CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::SERVICO SOCIAL