Padrões funcionais no uso de pronomes locativos : uma abordagem construcional

Abstract

Taking as basis for this research the functional theory of language which is devoted to the study of linguistic forms immersed in their contexts of use, this work starts by analysing the different uses of pronominal adverbs of place: aí, lá, aqui and ali as well as their derivative forms daí, daqui and dali appearing after a nominal phrase. In a synchronic perspective, it is taken as basis the corpus Discurso & Gramática and a qualitative and quantitative evaluation was carried out using five different types of texts: narratives of personal experience, a retold narrative, descriptions of place, procedure accounts and opinion accounts. All oral and their respective written forms of speech produced by the students with different scholing from the state of Rio de Janeiro more specifically students from public schools of the city of Rio de Janeiro e Niterói have been analysed. The procedure described above led us to verify the initial hypothesis of the prototypical deitic function of the aforementioned pronouns by constraints of metonymic and metaphoric nature, which migrate to phoric references acting in the articulation of cataphoric and, principally anaphoric, reaching through grammaticalization to adopt an emminently clitic function where they scope the SN antecedent as an atribute or into a dependent form missing, this way, a greater connection with the verb form. Thus, the gradient deixis>phoricity>cliticization is established, that when in its clitic use a new construction arises: SN + loc, as the second component changes its form acting as a dependent one without completely losing, however, its reference of place, characteristic of the category from which it derives.